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Stainless Steel

Stainless flat - General Description

1. BY USAGE PROPERTIES

Corrosion resisting = steel with a good resistance to uniform or local attack from the environment (e.g.: 1.4404/AISI 316L ; 1.4571/AISI 316Ti);
The environment may be atmospheric at ambient temperature (indoor , rural , urban , industrial , marine) or a solution giving electrochemical conditions.

Heat resisting = steel with a good resistance to oxidation and to the effects of hot gases and combustion products at temperatures higher than 550 oC (e.g. : 1.4828/AISI 309 ; 1.4845/AISI 310S).


2. BY MICROSTRUCTURE

Ferritic = magnetic steel, has good resistance in moderate aggressive environment, cannot be hardened by heat treatment and has poor weldability (e.g.: 1.4016/AISI 430 ; 1.4510/AISI 430Ti);

Austenitic = non magnetic steel, has the best corrosion resistance, with good toughness and good weldability, cannot be hardened by heat treatment (e.g.: 1.4301/AISI 304; 1.4541/AISI 321).


3. BY SIGNIFICANT ALLOYING ELEMENTS

Chromium and Nickel
Chromium and nickel are the main alloying elements in stainless steel. "Cr-steel" is a traditional term for ferritic grades, and "CrNi - steel" can be used for austenitic grades.

Molybdenum
Stainless steel with over 2% Mo, may be called "CrNiMo - steel".

Low carbon
Intergranular corrosion is avoided through low carbon content ( C < 0.03%). These steels are called "Low Carbon steels".

Stabilization
Addition of Titanium prevents the precipitation of chromium carbides especially for heat treatment and/or welding processes.


SURFACE FINISH , TYPE OF PROCESS ROUTE, ROUGHNESS AND REFLECTIVITY

Abbreviation according to Type
of process route
Surface finish OTELINOX
EN 10088 ASTM A 480 (A666*) DIN 17441 JIS 4305 Otelinox Roughness,
Ra[mm]
Reflectivity
**[%]
1997 edition 1985 edition Ferritiic Austenitic Ferritiic Austenitic
2H 1/4H - f or IIIa 1/4H 2H
2H
Work hardened Bright

Max

0.30*

21%-49% 21%-66%
1/2H
3/4H
Full H
Remarks : Cold worked to obtain higher strength level
2D 2D 2D h or IIIb 2D 2D Coldrolled, heat treated and pickled Smooth - - - -
Remarks : Finish for good ductility, but not as smooth as 2B or 2R
2B 2B 2B n or IIIc 2B 2B
2B
Cold rolled, heat treated, pickled and skin passed Smoother than 2D 0.05-0.20 0.10-0.35 30%-60% Max 40%
Remarks : Most common finish to ensure corrosion resistance, smothness and flatness
2R BA 2R m or IIId BA 2R
2R
Cold rolled, bright annealed Smoother and brigther than 2B, reflective 0.10-0.30 0.05-0.30 22%-54% 22%-65%
BA
BA
Smoother, brigther reflectiver than 2R 0.07-0.15 0.03-0.15 44%-62% 60%-69%
* specific values will be agreed by both
Remarks : Without Skin Pass,Tension Leveled , With Skin Pass